What Is Heat? The Energy That Flows Between Objects

Heat is energy in motion, transferred because of a temperature difference.
It always flows from hotter objects to colder ones until balance is reached.
Heat isn’t stored inside objects; it’s the transfer of internal energy.
Conduction, convection, and radiation are the three ways heat moves.
Heat is measured in joules and symbolized as Q in physics equations.
Specific heat capacity determines how much energy a material needs to warm up.
During phase changes, heat flows without changing the object’s temperature.
Heating makes particles move faster, vibrate more, or collide more often.
Heat flow always increases entropy, setting the direction of time.
Calorimeters measure heat by tracking temperature changes in a system.