The pH Scale Explained: From Lemon Juice to Drain Cleaner

  1. The pH scale runs from 0 to 14, showing how acidic or basic a solution is.
  2. A pH of 7 is neutral—pure water sits right in the middle.
  3. Lemon juice has a pH around 2, making it a strong acid with a tangy bite.
  4. Drain cleaner hits the other extreme, often with a pH of 13 or 14.
  5. Each step on the pH scale represents a tenfold change in acidity or basicity.
  6. Coffee and soda are mildly acidic, usually in the pH 4–5 range.
  7. Milk is near neutral, slightly acidic at about pH 6.5.
  8. Soapy water is basic, with a pH around 9–10, giving it that slippery feel.
  9. Human blood stays stable at about pH 7.4—vital for life’s balance.
  10. Litmus paper and pH meters make the invisible world of acids and bases easy to measure.