Short Circuits: Why They Happen and Why They’re Dangerous

A short circuit happens when electricity takes an unintended low-resistance path.
This sudden pathway lets current surge far beyond safe levels.
Frayed wires, faulty devices, or water contact are common causes.
Short circuits bypass components, so the current no longer does useful work.
The excess current generates intense heat, melting wires or damaging parts.
Sparks or arcs from short circuits can ignite fires in seconds.
Circuit breakers and fuses exist to detect and stop short circuits quickly.
Household wiring is carefully insulated to prevent accidental shorts.
Even small batteries can short-circuit and overheat if their terminals touch directly.
Preventing short circuits is a cornerstone of electrical safety in homes and electronics.