Rusting: The Slow Chemical Reaction Eating Away at Metal

Rusting is a slow chemical reaction between iron, oxygen, and water.
The reddish-brown flakes that form are iron oxides.
Moisture accelerates rusting, making humid environments especially damaging.
Saltwater speeds up rust dramatically, which is why ships need constant maintenance.
Rust weakens metal by eating away its strength and structure.
Protective coatings like paint, oil, or galvanization block oxygen and water.
Stainless steel resists rust because it contains chromium, which forms a protective layer.
Rusting is an electrochemical process, with tiny “batteries” forming on the metal’s surface.
Left unchecked, rust can destroy bridges, vehicles, and even historic monuments.
Understanding rust helps engineers design safer, longer-lasting materials.