Reduction Reactions: The Opposite of Oxidation

A reduction reaction happens when a substance gains electrons.
It’s always paired with oxidation—together called a redox reaction.
“OIL RIG” helps you remember: Oxidation Is Loss, Reduction Is Gain.
Reduction often lowers the oxidation state of an atom or ion.
Photosynthesis involves reduction when carbon dioxide gains electrons to form glucose.
Metals are extracted from ores using reduction reactions in smelting.
In batteries, reduction takes place at the cathode, driving electricity flow.
Hydrogen gas can act as a reducing agent in many reactions.
Reduction is crucial in biology, like when cells convert oxygen to water.
Understanding reduction is key for energy, industry, and life itself.