Everyday Rust: How Oxygen Eats Away at Metals

Rust is iron oxide, formed when iron reacts with oxygen and water over time.
Moisture speeds rusting because water acts as an electrolyte, helping electrons move.
Saltwater accelerates corrosion, which is why cars and ships rust faster near the ocean.
Rust is porous, so it flakes away, exposing fresh metal to more oxygen.
Galvanization coats steel with zinc, which corrodes more slowly and protects the iron beneath.
Paint and coatings block oxygen and moisture, slowing down rust formation.
Stainless steel resists rust thanks to chromium, which forms a protective oxide layer.
Rusting is an electrochemical reaction, similar to a slow, natural battery discharge.
Heat and humidity accelerate rust, making warm, damp climates tough on metals.
Rust weakens structures, eating away at bridges, cars, and pipes unless controlled.